This included 73 age- and sex-matched individuals with sporadic ALS (sALS; n = 17), C9orf72-associated ALS (C9ALS; n = 16), sporadic FTLD (sFTLD; n = 13), C9orf72-associated FTLD (C9FTLD; n = 11) or neuropathologically normal individuals (PN; n = 16). Here, C9orf72 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.