IL6 and neoplasm: Another study has shown that primary CRC tumors can induce the accumulation of MDSCs in the liver through the S1PR1-STAT3-IL-6 signaling pathway, ultimately suppressing T-cell proliferation in the Peritoneal Mononuclear Cell population [96].Within the TME, other immune components such as CXCL10, CXCL9, and CCL5 can induce the infiltration of CD8+ cells into tumor tissues through binding to their respective receptors, leading to direct TC killing [97].