Adverse stress signals stimulate nerve endings to excessively release glutamate, which not only produces excitotoxicity but also causes elevated extracellular ATP levels in the brain, leading to a cascade response that promotes activation of microglia P2X7 receptors and elevated IL‐1β levels, inducing inflammation in the CNS and ultimately leading to depression.51 This evidence concerns the gene P2RX7 and depressive symptom measurement.