IFNA1 and cancer: When the therapeutic cell concentration was reduced further to 1% relative to cancer cells, CDUPRT-IFN modified MSCs demonstrated notably enhanced efficacy, resulting in killing efficiencies of 60% for HT-29, 70% for Colo-205, and a remarkable 95% for ES2.The superior anti-cancer effect of CDUPRT-IFN_MSC in the mice model further supports the notion that multi-transgene armed MSCs is a preferred therapeutic candidate for PC.