IL1B and atherosclerosis: Although pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 were found to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by affecting vascular endothelial cell function, oxidized LDL, heat shock protein and HDL levels, etc., leading to the development of atherosclerosis [56], and were shown to participate in the glucose metabolism by involving in the insulin signaling pathways [57–59].