CCR1 and neoplasm: Although we recognize that there are potential challenges in applying these findings to human CRC patients (e.g., differences in the immune system between humans and mice, variations in CCR1 and CXCR2 expression levels among CRC patients, and immune-related adverse effects), the significant suppression of tumor growth and metastasis in a double-knockout mice model for CCR1 and CXCR2 suggests a promising direction for future research.