Obesity and high visceral adiposity markers are recognized as risk factors for sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome56 an important sleep disorder that affects the quality of life and promotes pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (interleukin 6/IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α/TNF-α) impacting metabolic diseases onset46,57–59. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Other metabolic disease.