In VitD3 treated COVID-19 patients, the reduction in the protein levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β were associated with a significant increase in the mRNA levels of RIG-1 (P = 0.006 and P = 0.012 for Fig 3A and 3E, respectively), IRF-9 (P = 0.004 and P = 0.009 for Fig 3B and 3F, respectively), Mx-1 (P<0.001 and P = 0.025 for Fig 3C and 3G, respectively) and interferon stimulating genes-15 (ISG-15) (P = 0.018 and P = 0.009 for Fig 3D and 3H, respectively). Here, ISG15 is linked to COVID-19.