TNF and breast cancer: In activated CD8+ T cells co-cultured with BC cells, IFN-γ, TNF-α and granzyme B levels were detected and results showed that circATAD2 silencing promoted the IFN-γ, TNF-α and granzyme B levels, while circATAD2 overexpression repressed the IFN-γ, TNF-α and granzyme B levels (Fig. 3D–F).