In addition, a study of 64 cases of limited-stage small cell lung cancer found that the increases in ProGRP, NSE, cytokeratin fraction 21–1, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were 79.7%, 57.8%, 23.4%, and 12.5%, respectively, with ProGRP level ≥ 410 ng/mL and NSE level ≥ 46 μg/L being associated with poor overall survival (Wójcik et al. 2008). Here, GRP is linked to small cell lung carcinoma.