There has been a significant transformation in the environment of therapeutic for variety of cancer types due to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including agents that target the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) (3). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is cancer.