Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF) (also known as CSF2) and granulocyte-CSF (also known as CSF3, G-CSF) are important survival and proliferation factors for neutrophils and macrophages (59), and deficiency of CSF3 leads to neutropenia (60, 61). The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is Decreased total neutrophil count.