In terms of published studies, although the role of TGFβ in sepsis-related ARDS has been demonstrated, most investigators have focused on the function of M1 macrophages as senders rather than receivers of TGFβ signaling, whereas, according to our findings, blocking the reception of TGFβ signaling by M1 macrophages may be important for the treatment of extrapulmonary factors that contribute to ARDS. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.