In the present study, we found that the TGFβ signaling pathway has an extremely important role across multiple cells in the normal organism, but during disease progression of ARDS due to extra-pulmonary factors, the major changes in the TGFβ signaling pathway were focused on signaling from NKT and Treg cells to M1 macrophages. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.