Anti-MDA5+DM patients with lower counts of NK cells, lower counts of Th cells, and older age had a higher probability of experiencing PF-ILD, while ASS patients with depletion in NK cells and Th cells, and elevated levels of ferritin also demonstrate a higher probability of developing PF-ILD (log-rank test, P < 0.05). The gene discussed is IFIH1; the disease is pemphigus foliaceus.