After subcutaneous ectopic inoculation of DU145-shPAX6 or PC3-shPAX6 cells with or without overexpression of STAT5A, we found that knockdown of PAX6 significantly inhibited tumor growth compared to the control cells, which was evidenced by the decreased tumor volume and tumor weight as well as the repressed expression of Ki67 (Fig. 6h - k and Supplementary Fig. S5h-S5k). Here, PAX6 is linked to neoplasm.