NFKB1 and colitis: As early as 2010, Hegazy et al.’s [82] study showed that administration of probiotics (Lactobacillus delbruekii and L. fermentum) not only decreased the NF-κB DNA binding activity, but also reduced the accumulation of leukocytes, and down-regulated levels of pro-inflammatory factors, and thereby ameliorated the severity of the colitis.