STING1 and dengue disease: In addition, during the pathogenesis of dengue virus infection, IL-1R-mediated signaling is implicated in the inducement of endogenous mtDNA release, thereby initiating the transcription of IFNB1 and IFNL1 in a paradigm that is unequivocally dependent on the functional integrity of STING and IRF3 pathways.144 On the other hand, mtDNA-release-mediated cGAS–STING signaling is involved in the inflammatory activation.