The ROC curves for developing DN revealed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) using Lp(a) (mg/dL) was significantly higher at 0.590 (P < 0.001), compared to HbA1c at 0.576 (P = 0.002) and C-peptide at 0.532 (P = 0.188) (Table 4 and Fig 1). This evidence concerns the gene LPA and liver dysplastic nodule.