By blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway, the miR-129-5p enriched MSC-Exos injection reduced ventricular dysfunction and reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in cardiomyocytes in mice with HF (Yan et al., 2022[132]) - exosomal miR-129-5p from MSCs guards against heart failure by focusing on TRAF3 and the subsequent NF-κB signaling. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and heart failure.