In mechanism, exosomal miR-181a-5p derived from BAP31-overexpressing CRC cells activates residing fibroblasts by diminishing reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) gene expression and subsequently amplifying MMP-9 expression and phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in CAFs [75]. Here, BCAP31 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.