MDM4 and neoplasm: One of the studies suggests that 155 stage IV tumor patients who received ICIs treatment were evaluated, and found that time to treatment failure (TTF) < 2 months was observed in six patients with MDM2/MDM4 amplification, and four of them showed significant increases in existing tumor size (55–258%), new large masses, and significantly accelerated progression space (PMID: 28351930).