PRF1 and neoplasm: We found that perforin, granzyme B, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were unevenly distributed within the tumor, showing that these were three pathways to induce activation of N-GSDMD, N-GSDME, and cleaved-CASP3 by perforin, granzyme B, IFN-γ, and TNF-α.