Several molecular initiating events in the AOP network for liver steatosis, including modulation of nuclear receptors (i.e., aryl hydrocarbon receptor, liver X receptor, pregnane X receptor), suppression of transcription factors (i.e., hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), and inhibition of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation (i.e., decreased activation of PPARs), also emerged in the transcriptomics analysis of the present study, further supporting the notion of TPN-mediated liver injury (Mellor et al. 2016; Arnesdotter et al. 2021). Here, AHR is linked to fatty liver disease.