<h4>Objective</h4>This study sought to investigate the regulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) XIST on the microRNA (miR)-101-3p/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) axis in neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy (DR).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Serum of patients with DR was extracted for the analysis of XIST, miR-101-3p, and VEGFA expression levels. The gene discussed is XIST; the disease is diabetic retinopathy.