A total of 24 variables were significant in univariate Cox regression with p < 0.10: NDQ group, age, CKD stage, Hb, ALB, urea, TCO2, P, Ca2+, K+, PCR, hypertension, diabetes, hyperuricemia, anemia, other antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, calcium supplements, iron supplements, sodium bicarbonate, ketoacid tablets, diuretics, and turbidity-removing Chinese patent medicines (Supplementary Table S2). Here, GSTM1 is linked to anemia (phenotype).