IL11 and infection: Following infection, we observed upregulation of many inflammatory cytokines/chemokines including IL6, CCL2, CCL3, CCL7, CXCL3, CXCL6, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCL17 in ChP stroma cells (Fig. 6A); CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL2, CXCL17, IL6, and IL32 in mature ChP (Fig. 6B); CXCL10, CXCL8, CCL2, and IL32 in NPCs (Fig. 6C); and CXCL17, CXCL10, CXCL16, IL11, CCL2, and IL32 in immature ChP (Fig. S4B).