IL10 and neoplasm: Primarily involved in tissue remodeling and immunosuppression (45, 46), this subtype is often referred to as “inactivated” macrophages; Lastly, the M2d phenotype arises from synergistic induction by both IL-6 and adenosine A2a receptor agonists; it primarily expresses IL-10 and VEGF, thereby facilitating angiogenesis and tumor growth (42, 47).