CCL2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Within the framework of the Efficacy and Safety of Canagliflozin Versus Glimepiride in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled with Metformin (CANTATA-SU) study, a post hoc exploratory analysis was undertaken to assess alterations in the levels of serum biomarkers, including leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), VCAM-1, and MCP-1, among patients with T2D over a 52-week duration relative to their baseline values.