EGFR and infection: Recently, Klann et al. showed SARS-CoV-2-induced activation in EGFR signalling pathway.57 Thus, we also sought to analyse SARS-CoV-2-induced activation in the EGFR signal cascade, as EGFR signal cascade plays a critical role in sustaining cell survival and increased cell proliferation.37,58 As shown in Fig. 2b, SARS-CoV-2 promoted EGFR gene expression at the transcriptional levels during the early stage of infection.