It has been shown that both plasma p-tau181 and plasma p-tau231are specific to AD [9, 10], and distinguish AD from FTD with very high accuracy [9]; and that plasma NfL reflects neurodegeneration (being elevated both in AD and in other neurodegenerative diseases), and discriminate FTD from psychiatric disorders [12]. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.