Clinical studies have found that radiotherapy can induce sPD-L1 in tumor cells, and sPD-L1 promotes tumor immune escape.14, 15, 16 In recent years, tumor immunotherapy for PD-1 or PD-L1 has been proven to cause durable anti-tumor immune response in many types of tumors with less toxicity. Here, SPDL1 is linked to neoplasm.