Additionally, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), derived from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in glioma tissue, activating the NF-κB signaling pathway and promoting IL-8 secretion, thereby enhancing neutrophil infiltration [116]. Here, HMGB1 is linked to central nervous system cancer.