INS and Insulin resistance: In women, it was determined that the cut-off for the subcutaneous adipose area (as depicted in Figure 2) measured at the umbilicus was 117 cm2 for elevated fasting glucose concentration, 111 cm2 for a fasting insulin concentration ≥ 10 mU/mL, 109 cm2 for the presence of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and 108 cm2 for a reduced HDL cholesterol fraction concentration.