NLRP3 and triple-A syndrome: In a subsequent study, NLRP3 and caspase-1 were found to be up-regulated in macrophages from human and mouse AAA tissues, while knockout of NLRP3 and caspase-1 revealed that the incidence and severity of AAA in mice induced by Ang II, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the expression of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in adventitial macrophages were all inhibited [43].