Notably, in a study utilizing phytoestrogens (phenolic compounds derived from soybean, tofu, vegetables, fruits, leaves, and grains that can bind to the ER), the treatment induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner for MCF-10A (a normal breast cell line wild-type p53) and in a p53-independent manner in MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer cell line mutant p53) [48]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is breast cancer.