The two-gene signature (genes ADGRE1 and IFI44L) accurately assigned 26 of 46 young infants with UTI without bacteremia as having a bacterial infection (sensitivity 63%, 95% CI, 0.48–0.77; specificity 82%, 95% CI, 0.65–0.93, Figure 3). Here, IFI44L is linked to bacterial urinary tract infection.