Overall, bone damage in T2DM can be caused by multiple mechanisms: accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) [79], increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) [80], sclerostin [81], leptin [80], lower levels of OC [11,82]), procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) [83,84], parathyroid hormone (PTH) [85], and impairment of osteoblastogenesis [86]. This evidence concerns the gene PTH and type 2 diabetes mellitus.