Monitoring the level of some proteins, such as the increase of CTSD, GDF15, GUSB, MCFD2, REG1A, REG1B, and TCN2 and concomitantly the decrease of FABP4, LEP, and LPL may help in identifying the group of patients with obesity with higher risk for the appearance of T2D allowing for more precise therapeutic interventions. This evidence concerns the gene GDF15 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.