HP and hemolysis: Clinical characteristics may include jaundice due to non-immune hemolysis, as evidenced by low blood hemoglobin level of 6.9 g/dL, low serum haptoglobin of <10 mg/dL, high serum activity of lactate dehydrogenase of 2148 U/L, increased serum unconjugated bilirubin of 4.5 mg/dL, and negative Coombs test [98], which typically classifies the non-autoimmune hemolysis of genetic Wilson disease [66], as opposed to autoimmune hemolysis with a positive Coombs test [131].