INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In this sense, in a murine model of diet-induced obesity, the improvement of the antioxidant capacity of visceral fat through lentiviral gene therapy to restore the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) prevented an increased adipocyte cell size, fibrosis, decreased mitochondrial respiration, the induction of inflammatory adipokines, insulin resistance, vascular dysfunction, and impaired heart mitochondrial signaling [183].