HIF1A and Alzheimer disease: While prolonged or excessive stressors, such as ischemia or oxidative stress, may transform HIF-1 into a trigger for neuronal cell death, potentially activating the Bnip3 factor and contributing to late-onset dementia in Alzheimer’s disease [10], prolonged and severe hypoxia can induce HIF-1α-mediated stabilization of p53, subsequently triggering p53-dependent apoptosis [11].