According to the results in Table 7, the sensitivity of each single test for each tumour marker in canine mammary carcinoma is P53 (63.3%) > SF (56.7%) > VEGF (53.3%) > NLRP3 (50.0%) in descending order; taking the benign mammary tumour group as the control, the specificity of the four markers is VEGF (85.2%) > P53 (81.5%) > SF (77.8%) > NLRP3 (70.4%); accuracy is P53 (71.9%) > VEGF (68.4%) > SF (66.7%) > NLRP3 (59.7%); and the Youden index is P53 (0.448) > VEGF (0.385) > SF (0.345) > NLRP3 (0.204). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.