MMP9 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In summary, SHH signaling (SHH, PTCH-1, SMO, GLI-1), the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, MMP-, MMP-9, Rab 23, CHSY 1, and activated GLI-2 by TGF-β 1/SMAD 3 participate in the invasiveness and progression of HCC.