The standard therapy for patients with advanced melanoma is the combined treatment of Ipilimumab, a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibody, and Nivolumab, a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody, or a monotherapy with a PD-1 antibody (either Nivolumab or Pembrolizumab). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and melanoma.