MTOR and colonic neoplasm: Kaempferol has been proven to reduce tumor cell growth by modulating several pathways and molecular mechanisms, such as causing G0/G1 phase arrest in esophageal cancer, reducing G2/M cell cycle proteins in gastric cancer, inducing apoptosis by Akt/mTOR pathway in pancreatic cancer, causing cell cycle arrest (especially HT-29 human colon cancer cells), and suppressing cell growth by PI3K/mTOR/MMP signaling pathways in liver cancer.