In a review of 40 cases of TFEB translocated renal cell carcinoma reported in the literature [3, 6, 11, 12] (Supplementary Table 3), combined with the studies of Gupta and Qiuyang Lu et al. [3, 6, 10, 13], we found significant differences between TFEB translocation and TFEB-amplified tumors in terms of age of disease onset, histological morphology, melanocyte markers, expression of cathepsin k, VEGFA/CCND3 gene expression, and aggressive behavior. The gene discussed is CTSK; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.