Overall, mutations in DNMT3A and PPM1D were more frequent in CCUS than in MDS while mutations in ASXL1, TP53, SF3B1, STAG2, RUNX1, NRAS, CUX1 were less frequent in CCUS (each p < 0.05; Fig. 1B; Supplementary Table S2). Here, TP53 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.