HSPA1L and myopia: With the comparisons of positive rates of each autoantibody between emmetropia and high myopia groups, a total of 18 autoantibodies, including anti-ZNF48, anti-HSPA1L, etc. were identified as high myopia-related candidate autoantibodies (Fisher’s exact test, all p < 0.05; Fig. 1C, Supplemental Table S2).