TNF and infection: After 1 month of post infection, in the lungs, 2-ketohexanoic acid moderately but significantly enhanced the bacterial burden (Fig 6B), increased RANTES, MIP-1α, MCP-3, IP-10, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, INF-γ and GM-CSF (Fig 6C) and no difference in CD11b+ and CD11c+ sub-cell frequencies (S6A Fig).