In the above cultured cells, 24 h postinfection, we found the expression of Cas3, Cas8 (apoptosis) and Atg5, Atg7 (autophagy) was significantly downregulated in T2DM mouse alveolar macrophages infected with Mtb compared with control Mtb-infected alveolar macrophages (S1 Fig). This evidence concerns the gene EFS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.