Samples with high bacterial activity exhibited a pro-inflammatory signature, including the expression of cytokines (IL6, CXCL8) and matrix-metalloproteases (MMP1), which correlates with findings from a study investigating the influence of high F. nucleatum presence in CRC samples.50CXCL8 codes for a chemoattractant that attracts neutrophils and other granulocytes (PMNs),51 suggesting an active host-microbiota interaction in the TME. The gene discussed is MMP1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.