GIPR and osteosarcoma: The presence of GIPR has been detected in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) as well as human osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos-2, TE-85, and MG-63). GIP reduces osteoclast formation and resorption. In osteoblastic cell lines, GIP increase stimulates P1NP and ALP and promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation but diminishes cell death. GIP analogs reduce the differentiation and bone resorption activity of human osteoclasts.